江西卷：减少塑料污染的五条建议
2025·江西·中考真题 ｜ 体裁：说明文 ｜ 主题：环境保护 ｜ 五个空格，从 A–G 七个选项中选出五个最佳答案
英文原文与选项Reading Text & Options
Plastic pollution is a serious problem, and it's getting worse. Plastic can stay for a long time. Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly, but the best way for now is to use less plastic. 1
Stop using plastic bags. Instead, take your own reusable shopping bag to the store. Every year, people use tons of plastic bags worldwide. Some countries try to stop using plastic bags. 2
Say no to the straw (吸管). A study showed that around 8.3 billion plastic straws cover the world's beaches. So when you order a drink, say no to the straw, or bring your own reusable one.
3 Carry a reusable water bottle with you. Around the world, nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute. The problem is so bad that in some countries, stores aren't allowed to sell bottled water any more.
Avoid plastic packaging (包装). 4 It's almost everywhere. But there is something you can do, too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic.
Recycle what you can. You can't recycle all plastic things. 5 For example, you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags. In some countries, machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle.
答案速查Answer Key
逐题解析Detailed Analysis
1选 E — Here are five tips that can help you.（这里有五条可以帮到你的建议。）
推理空格位于首段段尾，前文提出问题"塑料污染严重、目前最好的办法是少用塑料"，紧接着后文用五个加粗小标题（Stop using…/Say no to…/Avoid…/Recycle…）分五条展开。E 项"以下是五条建议"正是承上启下的总起句，five tips 与五个段落一一对应。
知识点"总—分"结构说明文常考：首段末句多为引出下文的主题句，数字线索 five 是最强信号。
易错点不要看到前一句在讲科学家研制可降解塑料，就去选与"小处着手"有关的 D；D 是转折总结句，不适合统领五条建议。
2选 F — Other countries make customers pay for them.（另一些国家则让顾客为塑料袋付费。）
推理空格前一句是 Some countries try to stop using plastic bags.（一些国家设法停用塑料袋。）F 项以 Other countries…（另一些国家……） 与之呼应，构成 "Some countries… Other countries…" 的并列结构，介绍各国的不同做法。
知识点不定代词配对：some…, others/other…（一些……，另一些……）是阅读还原高频衔接信号；pay for sth. 为某物付钱。
易错点them 必须有复数名词可指代，此处指代 plastic bags，逻辑通顺；若选 A（They are fresh.），fresh"新鲜的"与塑料袋毫无关联。
3选 B — Don't buy bottled water.（不要买瓶装水。）
推理空格位于段首，需填主题句。本段后文都在讲"随身带可重复使用的水瓶、每分钟近百万个塑料瓶被丢弃、有些国家不再允许售卖瓶装水"。B 项"不要买瓶装水"精准概括全段。
知识点段首设空多考段落主旨题：由后文高频词 water bottle / plastic bottles / bottled water 归纳。
易混淆项 C（Bottled water is expensive. 瓶装水很贵）本段讲的是塑料瓶带来的环境问题与禁令，根本没有提到"价格贵"，故 C 为干扰项。
4选 G — Most things you buy come in plastic packaging.（你买的大多数东西都是塑料包装的。）
推理本段小标题为 Avoid plastic packaging（避免塑料包装），空格后一句是 It's almost everywhere.（它几乎无处不在。）G 项"你买的多数东西都用塑料包装"正是 It 指代的对象——plastic packaging，且解释了为什么说它"无处不在"。
知识点代词衔接：后文的 It 必须能在前句找到单数指代对象；词汇复现 packaging 也是重要线索。
易错点注意 packed（过去分词，"被包装的"）与 packaging（名词，"包装材料"）的区别，不要因为字形相近就误判句意。
5选 D — But it is possible to start small.（但是，从小事做起是可行的。）
推理空前句 You can't recycle all plastic things.（你不可能回收所有塑料制品。）语气令人无奈；D 项以 But 转折——"但从身边小事做起是可能的"，紧接着 For example 举出回收瓶子和牛奶/果汁袋等具体小事，逻辑严丝合缝。
知识点① 转折连词 But 标志语义由"不能做全部"转向"可以从点滴做起"；② 句型 It is possible to do sth.（做某事是可能的），it 为形式主语，真正主语是不定式。
易错点start small 是固定口语化表达，意为"从小处开始"，不能直译成"开始小"；若忽视 But 的转折作用，容易错选。
两个干扰项为何不选：A 项 They are fresh.（它们很新鲜）中的 fresh 在全文无对应语境，they 也无所指；C 项"瓶装水很贵"与第 3 段讨论的环保主题不符，属于利用 bottled water 一词设置的"词汇诱饵"。